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La relación entre un agente y un principal es fundamental en muchas transacciones comerciales y legales. Denominada como «Agency Relationship», otorga a los agentes la autoridad para actuar y tomar decisiones en nombre de los principales. Pero, ¿cómo se establece exactamente esta relación? Existen principalmente tres maneras a través de las cuales se pueden crear relaciones de agencia: Express Agency, Implied Agency and Ostensible Agency. Let's explore each one in detail.
Express Agency
A Express Agency It is a relationship where all parties involved clearly define and express their intentions, usually in writing.
Key Features:
- Explicit agreement: This type of agency is typically formalized through written contracts or agreements that list the duties, responsibilities, and powers of the agent.
- Clarity: Both agent and principal are aware of the parameters of the relationship, ensuring transparency and clarity from the beginning.
Implied Agency
A Implied Agency arises from the behavior or actions of the parties involved, even if not explicitly stated.
Key Features:
- Driven by behavior: Even without a formal written agreement, if the parties' actions suggest an agency relationship, there could be a Implied Agency.
- Subtlety: It can sometimes be difficult to discern as it is based on the interpretation of actions and not written statements.
Ostensible Agency
También conocido como «Agency by Estoppel», un Ostensible Agency It emerges when a relationship is perceived to exist due to the behavior or recognition of the principal.
Key Features:
- Perception of reality: Even if an official agency relationship does not exist, if a third party perceives that one exists due to the actions or statements of the principal, an agreement can be established. Ostensible Agency.
- Possible liability: Principals must be careful, as they may be held responsible for an agent's actions if a perceived Ostensible Agency.
Conclusion
Establishing an agency relationship can be both explicit and nuanced. Whether formally defined through a Express Agency or subtly understood through a Implied either Ostensible Agency, understanding the subtleties of these relationships is essential. This ensures that parties are aware of their roles, rights and obligations, leading to smoother and more transparent transactions.
